However, there is still the token-level obfuscation to contend with, which is what makes Invoke-Obfuscation and ObfuscatedEmpire effective. As previously mentioned, using AV equipped with AMSI scanning is already a step in the right direction, as several layers of obfuscation are stripped off prior to scanning. Mitigation of these obfuscation techniques can be tricky. The end goal here is to improve security. This will provide pentesters and red teamers the ability to provide more value to their clients by using already available obfuscation techniques when establishing their C2 channel. My intention in releasing this tool integration is to demonstrate to defenders the obfuscation tactics that are already being used in the wild. Matt Graeber - a one-line command no admin privilege is necessary (client-side attacks are possible) also bypasses automatic loggingĬornelis de Plaa - moves powershell.exe to where the AMSI.dll is and executes it from there loads a fake DLL (AMSI doesn't execute) Mitall presented two options, referencing two separate researchers:
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AMSI can also be exploited by attackers that have elevated permissions to the Windows machine running AMSI. AMSI flaws extend beyond the ability to bypass the system. "This method is fast and very effective at the time of this presentation," Mitall explained. Obfuscate the function and variable names (change names to numbers, for example)
Signature Bypass (This method is known as obfuscation, or the ability to render the script unclear or unintelligible to AMSI) Utilize reflection (within the memory space of another process)Īpply application whitelisting bypass (install and so on) Mitall presented the following AMSI exploit methods:
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